From the south it locked by Mount Gilboa, and by the Issachar Plateau from the north.

While the Jezreel Valley is drained via the Kishon River to the Mediterranean Sea, the Harod Valley is drained through the Harod Stream ("Nahal Harod" in Hebrew, "Wadi Jalud" in Arabic), which flows from Givat HaMoreh via Beit She'an Valley into the Jordan River.

[2] The source of the spring as well as other springs in the Beit She'an Valley to the east, comes from fresh rainwater that percolate into the limestone hills of Samaria and collect in an underground water reservoir beneath the areas of the Palestinian cities of Nablus and Jenin.

The water emerges from the hills as they incline north towards the valleys.

For example, according to soil and precipitation parameters, the border is the Sde Nahum - Beit Alfa line, while according to the climate, the border is marked by Kfar Yehezkel.