Haroldo Pereira Travassos (23 March 1922 - 13 June 1977) was a Brazilian ichthyologist.
Travassos was born in Rio de Janeiro, the son of the helminthologist Lauro Pereira and his wife Odette.
He grew up in the city and went to the National School of Veterinary Medicine where he graduated in 1944 and received a medical degree in 1945.
He worked with his father both in the field and laboratory and became a naturalist at the National Museum becoming a professor in 1969.
As a fish taxonomist, he specialized in the families Characidae, Cichlidae and Sciaenidae.