Harry Sherman Longley (September 10, 1868 – April 5, 1944) was a 20th-century bishop in the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America.

He was serving at St. Mark's Church in Evanston, Illinois when he was elected suffragan bishop of Iowa.

He established a mission to take care of the pastoral needs of African Americans in Des Moines.

The same year he announced the closing of several missions and the disposal of their buildings which were in bad shape.

He served the Diocese of Iowa for a total of 31 years until the end of 1943 when he was required to retire, having reached the age of 72 (in 1940).

The rules requiring bishops' retirement at 72 became effective at the Church's General Convention in October 1943.