Hawkins–Kennedy test

It was first described in the 1980s by Canadians R. Hawkins and J. Kennedy, and a positive test is most likely indicative of damage to the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle.

[1][2] A positive Hawkins–Kennedy test is indicative of an impingement of all structures that are located between the greater tubercle of the humerus and the coracohumeral ligament.

The examiner grasps and supports proximal to both, the patient's wrist and elbow, to ensure maximal relaxation, then quickly rotates the patient's arm internally.

[4][5] Pain located below the acromioclavicular joint with internal rotation is considered a positive test result.

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