Broadly, architecture standards outline frameworks which can be used in the development of consistent, coherent applications, databases and workstations.
[4] The CEN/TC 251 was made up of four working groups, covering: information models; systems of concepts and terminology; security; and technologies for interoperable communication.
It specifies only a set of characteristics, in terms of overall organisation and individual information objects, identified as fundamental and common to all healthcare organizations.
[10] The implementation of a modular, open architecture in healthcare IT systems (as specified by the HISA) relies upon disparate heterogeneous applications interacting and communicating through a middleware layer, made up of common services.
[11] Healthcare-related Common Services (HCS) Healthcare-related Common Services are those middleware components responsible for supporting the functionalities and information relevant to the healthcare business domain, including subject of care, activities, resources, authorization, health characteristics and concepts.