It is an Irish state-sponsored body, established under the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act, 1989, and reports to the Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment.

To help develop sound policies and good workplace practices, the Authority works with various Advisory Committees and Task Forces etc.

The HSA monitors compliance with legislation at the workplace and can take enforcement action (up to and including prosecutions).

The HSA is the national centre for Information and advice to employers, employees and self-employed on all aspects of workplace health and safety.

The appointment of the Board of the Authority is a function of the Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment under the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act, 1989.