Hedwig Frida Ullmann, née Nathan, (born November 2, 1872, in Frankfurt am Main, Germany; died 1945, Melbourne, VIC, Australia) was a German Jewish art collector and refugee .
In 1938, Nazi anti-Jewish laws required German Jews to register assets above a certain value, causing Hedwig Ullmann and her two adult sons to lose much of their art collection.
[3][4] In 2013 a provenance research project at the Historisches Museum Frankfurt resulted in the restitution of the painting “Sommer (Frau und Junge)” (Summer (Woman and Boy)) by Hans Thoma to the Ullmann heirs.
[9] In 2020 Malcolm Gladwell dedicated an episode of his Revisionist History podcast to the story van Gogh's Vase with Carnations, which Ulmann owned prior to World War II.
[10] They sold the van Gogh before fleeing Germany for Australia to escape the Nazis, and the painting eventually arrived at the Detroit Institute of Arts.