Heinrich Troeger (4 March 1901, in Zeitz – 28 August 1975, in Bad Nauheim) was a German jurist and politician (SPD).
After the Nazi seizure of power in 1933, he was relieved of his political offices and from 1934 to 1945 he worked as a lawyer specializing in foreign exchange and tax law in Berlin, ending with the title of officer of administrative law (Verwaltungsrechtsrat).
In 1947 he was appointed Assistant Secretary in the Ministry of Finance of Hesse, and served from 1947 until 1949 as Secretary-General of the Council of the Bizone.
In 1950-51 he served as Assistant Secretary in the Ministry of Finance for North Rhine-Westphalia under deputy minister Heinrich Weitz and was also a member of various supervisory boards.
From 10 January 1951 until 26 September 1956, Troeger served as Minister of Finance for the state of Hesse under premier Georg August Zinn.