The Helleberg lies in the east of the Leine Uplands, a northern part of the Lower Saxon Hills.

It lies between Schildhorst to the northwest, Wetteborn and Dankelsheim to the east, Clus and Bad Gandersheim to the southeast, Orxhausen to the south, Heckenbeck and Hilprechtshausen to the southwest and Siedlung Leinetal and Domäne Haus Freden to the west.

In the Hoheroth, an elevation of the Selter, is the 1,641 metre-long Helleberg Tunnel which is part of the Hanover–Würzburg high speed railway.

To the west the Hanoverian Southern Railway (Hanover to Göttingen) runs in a north-south direction past the ridge in the valley of the Leine, with stations in Kreiensen and Freden.

Over the ridge runs part of the E11 European long distance route, by which there are tumuli with an information board.