Hemolin

Hemolin is an immunoglobulin-like protein exclusively found in Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies).

[2] Hemolin has a horseshoe crystal structure[3] with four domains and resembles the developmental protein neuroglian.

Induction of Hemolin in moths after bacterial injection have been shown in several species including Antheraea pernyi,[4] Bombyx mori, Helicoverpa zea,[5] Heliothis virescens,[6] Hyphantria cunea,[7] and Samia cynthia.

[11] Galleria melonella responds to caffeine intake by increased Hemolin protein expression.

In the potential function as a developmental protein, Hemolin has been shown to increase close to pupation in Manduca sexta,[14] and is induced during diapause and by 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Lymantria dispar.