Henderson Middleton Somerville (March 23, 1837 – September 15, 1915) was a professor, associate justice of the Alabama Supreme Court and a member of the Board of General Appraisers, which was the predecessor of the United States Court of International Trade.

Somerville was born on March 23, 1837, in Madison County, Virginia, but his family moved to Alabama in his infancy.

[1] He received a Juris Doctor from the Georgetown College of Kentucky and Southwestern University of Tennessee.

[2] While serving on the Alabama Supreme Court, Somerville authored the opinion in the case of Parsons v. State,[3] "which announced the modern doctrine of insanity as a disease of the brain", which "was met with great acclaim in both the medical and legal communities".

[1] Somerville was nominated by President Benjamin Harrison on July 17, 1890, to the Board of General Appraisers, to a new seat created by 26 Stat.