Henry Mordaunt (c. 1682 – 24 February 1710) was a Royal Navy officer and Whig politician who sat in the English and British House of Commons from 1705 to 1710.

He was not active in Parliament, due to his frequent absences at sea but was able to support the Court with regard to the 'place clause' in the regency bill on 18 February 1706.

He was commanding a small squadron of frigates to convoy his father from Spain to Genoa when off the coast of Italy on 19 March 1707 Resolution encountered six French vessels, each ranging between 58 and 80 guns.

Mordaunt ordered the crew to run the ship aground rather than risk her capture by the French; this was achieved and she was subsequently set on fire to prevent her being refloated.

The French maintained a continual gunfire on the burning wreck, and Mordaunt was struck in the thigh by a cannonball as he left the vessel.