Hermann Alois Boehm (27 October 1884 – 7 June 1962) was a German eugenicist, physician, and professor of "racial hygiene" in Nazi Germany.

After the end of the Second World War, he testified at the Doctors Trial in Nuremberg against the defendants involved in the Nazi euthanasia program but was not himself prosecuted.

From April 1922 through March 1932, he worked at the Pathological Institute at the Rechts der Isar Hospital in Munich, eventually advancing to the post of Assistant Medical Superintendent.

In March 1937, Boehm was appointed by Reichsärzteführer (Reich Health Leader) Gerhard Wagner as educational director of the Führerschule der Deutschen Ärzteschaft (Leadership School of German Medicine) in Alt Rehse.

At the same time, Boehm was given the opportunity to set up his own genetic engineering research institute and was one of the few independent experts to compile hereditary biological assessments.

[1] In 1942, Wagner's successor as Reich Health Leader, Leonardo Conti, told Boehm that he no longer saw a future for his hereditary biological research institute as part of the Führerschule.

In an affidavit dated 28 February 1947, he identified one of the defendants, Dr. Karl Brandt, as the "responsible authority" and "leading personality" of the Nazi euthanasia program.

[1] In the 1950s, Boehm's pension claims from the Giessen professorship were rejected by the Hessian State Personnel Office on the grounds that his appointment was invalid due to his close ties to the Nazi regime.

The Giessen faculty members defended the legality of the appointment, in which they themselves had participated, and Boehm was granted the post of an emeritus professor of human genetics with full pension benefits.