Vöhl consists of the following mostly quite small centres spread out northwestwards and southeastwards from the western end of the Edersee.

It is thus divided into two parts: Furthermore, Asel, just like Bringhausen a short way to the east, lies in a "dead end", at least from a traffic engineering point of view, meaning that it can only be reached from the western end of the lake from Herzhausen through Harbshausen, as barely any roads run through the hardly developed northern part of the Kellerwald.

After the Second World War, many Germans who had been driven from lost territories to the east – most of them were from the Sudetenland – were integrated into Marienhagen.

By the late 1960s, a ski-jumping arena and a downhill skiing run were inviting people to partake of winter sports.

Vöhl's municipal area is roughly coëxtensive with the old lordly domain of Itter, which in the High Middle Ages developed in the former Ittergau.

After meanwhile being pledged to the Counts of Waldeck and the Wolff von Gudensberg family, the Itter domain became part of Hesse for good in 1589.

Disputed as it was between Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) and Hesse-Darmstadt, in 1650, it passed once and for all to the latter and formed an enclave inside Waldeck territory.

It seems likely that, owing to soil and water factors, Basdorf was an early settlement centre here in the tribal marches between the Chatti and the Cherusci.

Since the deaconate of Vöhl fell under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Archbishop of Mainz, it is assumed that the area around nearby Fritzlar, or rather the Büraburg, was Christianized by Saint Boniface or his followers before Charlemagne's years-long Saxon Wars, into which the local border region was drawn.

Furthermore, the documents show how the Ittergau, to which Basdorf belonged, many times became the object of its stronger neighbours' disputes.

In 1946, Basdorf took in 165 refugees from former German territories out of which they had been driven, thereby giving the school a reason to hire a further teacher in 1948.

On 1 January 1972, the community of Hessenstein was formed out of Buchenberg, Ederbringhausen, Harbshausen, Kirchlotheim, Niederorke, Oberorke and Schmittlotheim.

Vöhl's council is made up of 31 councillors, with seats apportioned thus, in accordance with municipal elections held on 26 March 2006: Note: FWG and BI-Grüne Liste are citizens' coalitions.