Hidaka is sparsely populated and has many of Hokkaido's natural resources.

Located on the south-east coast of Hokkaido, Hidaka Subprefecture has an area of 4,811.91 square kilometres (1,857.89 sq mi) making it the 7th largest subprefecture in the prefecture and 5.8% of Hokkaido's total area.

The prefecture borders Tokachi Subprefecture to the north across the Hidaka Mountains.

These mountains are part of the Hidaka Sanmyaku-Erimo Quasi-National Park, which include Mount Apoi alpine vegetation community and Cape Erimo coast landscape.

These areas boast wildlife such as brown bear, sika deer, and common seal.