Higashiyamato is approximately in the north-center of Tokyo Metropolis, on the Musashino Terrace, bordered by Saitama Prefecture to the north.

Saitama Prefecture Tokyo Metropolis Higashiyamato has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall.

In the post-Meiji Restoration cadastral reform of April 1, 1889, Takagi Village was established within Kitatama District of Kanagawa Prefecture.

The Former Hitachi Aircraft Tachikawa Factory Transformer Substation was damaged during air attacks but remains as a war memorial.

In terms of national politics, the city is part of Tokyo 20th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.