Hijabophobia

Genocide: Massacres, torture, expulsion: Other incidents: Hijabophobia is a type of religious and cultural discrimination against Muslim women who wear the hijab.

Hijabophobia is a term referring to discrimination against women wearing Islamic veils, including the hijab, chador, niqāb and burqa.

[4] The term is applied to discourse based in colonial representations of Muslim women as victims oppressed by misogynistic cultures in academic circles.

[6] In a 2012 paper, Hamzeh posits that 'hijabophobia' encapsulates the sexist aspects of Islamophobia, in which Muslim women bear the brunt of anti-Muslim attacks.

[7]: 25 Other studies referred to the way that the Islamophobia is laced with hijabophobia, creating a scapegoating system in which Muslim women are stimatized for using a hypervisible Islamic symbol.

[8][9] The practice of Hijab is also viewed as a submission to the patriarchal discourse that the US media and Western communities stoke it as a part of the Islam religion.

[10][11] Political scientist Vincent Geisser argues that hijabophobia became more widespread after the September 11 attacks, as evidenced by the number of laws regulating and restricting the hijab in public places and governmental offices.

[22] In Quebec, public servants, including teachers, are banned from wearing religious garments, such as a kippa, hijab or turban at work.

[23] In January 2022, a number of colleges in South-Indian state of Karnataka stopped female students wearing a hijab from entering the campus.