Hilde Kramer

Kramer participated in the German revolution from its beginning, and was initially affiliated with the International Communists of Germany (IKD), led by Johann Knief.

[4] She was a founding member of the IKD's local affiliate, the Association of Revolutionary Internationalists of Bavaria (VRI), alongside Erich Mühsam and others.

Kramer traveled to Berlin in late 1918 to attend the regional congress of the IKD, and met with delegates from the Spartacus League including Karl Leibknecht.

[7] She was imprisoned along with a group of other revolutionaries including Eugen Leviné, Max Levien, and Erich Mühsam, who were freed after Rudolf Egelhofer convinced Kurt Eisner to commute their sentences.

[9] She fled Munich to Berlin on false papers and began working first with the journalist Wilhelm Herzog and later for the Comintern's West European Secretariat.

[10] In 1920, Kramer traveled to Moscow at the invitation of Mikhail Borodin to participate in the 2nd World Congress of the Communist International as a shorthand typist and a German-English translator and assistant to Karl Radek.

[11] Kramer traveled from Berlin to Stettin, where she boarded a boat chartered by Jakov Reich to Talininn, Estonia, but the ship was refused at the port and had to divert to Narva.

7 November peace rally in 1918, which Kramer wrote that she had attended in a letter. [ 6 ]
Photograph of a Munich demonstration led by communists in February 1919. A woman labelled "Kramer" is shown next to a portrait of Rosa Luxemburg .