In England the office of Historiographer Royal was created by King Charles II to honour the prolific writer James Howell.
[1] Howell was followed in the office first by John Dryden and then Thomas Shadwell, both of whom were concurrently appointed Poet Laureate; as a result the salary was increased to £300 a year.
When Shadwell died in 1692, the appointments were split: the Historiographer's salary reverted to £200, while the butt of sack went to the Poet Laureate (along with the remaining £100).
[3] Jonathan Swift, who was angling for the appointment at the time, wrote in 1714 that "it is necessary, for the honour of the Queen, and in justice to her servants, that some able hand should be immediately employed to write the history of her majesty's reign, that the truth of things may be transmitted to future ages, and bear down the falsehood of malicious pens".
[3] It lapsed on the accession of Queen Victoria; however G. P. R. James (the last holder) was not deprived of the office and continued to be referred to as Historiographer Royal in later years.