The hoary-throated spinetail (Synallaxis kollari) is a Critically Endangered bird species in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae.

[4] In the early twentieth century some authors moved it into the newly created genus Poecilurus.

By 2000 the merger of Poecilurus into Synallaxis was generally accepted and a study published in 2011 confirmed that placement.

It is found only along several tributaries of the Branco River in the Brazilian state of Roraima and Guyana's Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Region.

It inhabits gallery forest along the watercourses, which flow through grasslands called "Lavrado" in Brazil and the Rupununi savannah in Guyana.

"The gallery forests within the species[sic] range are being rapidly converted into rice plantations [and] [b]urning of vegetation, such as the fires that spread through Roraima in 1999, may be another major threat."

"[1] "About 60% of the gallery forest within the species’ range is inside indigenous reserves" which are not formally protected, and rice is illegally farmed in them by non-indigenous people.