[1] After military service Mühlbauer studied law, and worked as a scientific assistant at the TU Berlin for the faculty of computer science (Informatik), where he focused on data security and information law (Informationsrecht).

[4] Since 2009, Mühlbauer is the managing director of the IT security association TeleTrusT,[3][4][11] which has established reliable conditions for trustworthy application of information and communication technologies.

[3][12][13] In 2020, he contributed to Wirtschaftswoche's Economy 4.0 – Die Digitalisierung der Wirtschaft (the digitalisation of science).

[14][15] Mühlbauer coordinates the annual technology presentations "IT Security made in Germany" at the RSA Conference San Francisco and at GISEC Dubai.

Mühlbauer authored specialist books, including practical dictionaries (Praxiswörterbuch).