HTB's stated aims are to "play our part in the evangelization of the nations, the revitalization of the church and the transformation of society.

"[3] Bishop Sandy Millar was succeeded in July 2005 by Nicky Gumbel as Vicar of HTB, followed by Archie Coates in September 2022.

[5] Prior to the construction of Holy Trinity Brompton, the present site was a part of the large parish of Kensington, which was served only by the nearby St Mary Abbots Church.

In the early 1820s, the area was in the midst of a substantial population increase, so a decision was taken to purchase the land and construct a new church.

An attempt by the diocese to sell the building for private redevelopment was thwarted in the early 1980s when local residents joined with churchgoers to save the church.

In the late 1980s, the Parochial Church Council requested that the redundancy be overturned which allowed curate Nicky Lee and his wife Sila to "plant" a congregation there as well as undertake some building structural maintenance work.

[18][19] Services at St Augustine's, Queen's Gate began to be administered from Holy Trinity Brompton following an invitation by the Bishop of Kensington in 2010, where Nicky Gumbel was appointed priest-in-charge.

[21] In order to address the problem of how to give pastoral care to such a large congregation as well as provide a means for new people to join the church, HTB uses the 'Pastorate' model.

[22] Pastorates consist of 20–50 people who, through meeting at least once a fortnight, can form strong friendships and support each other in care as well as developing individual gifts and ministries.

This takes place over five days in July where typically 7,000 people attend and involve themselves in the many seminars, workshops and recreational activities.

This also involves at least one member of HTB's clergy similarly moving to the new church to help lead worship, form pastorates and run local Alpha courses.

In September 2005 HTB started providing the talks given at the Sunday services as free downloads from its website and through their iTunes, YouTube and SoundCloud account.

These projects include work in deprived neighbourhoods, addressing homelessness and providing practical support for people with addictions.