Hoplobatrachus tigerinus, commonly known as the Indian bullfrog, is a large species of fork-tongued frog found in South and Southeast Asia.

[7] The Indian bullfrog is native to mainland Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan, as well as possibly Bhutan and China, although its presence is uncertain.

[9] Likely areas to be invaded in the future include the Mascarene Islands, Malaysia, Indonesia, and East Africa.

The rapid spread of this frog throughout the archipelago is harmful to human residents as well, having disastrous effects on the local economy.

The bullfrogs frequently kill and eat residents' fish and chicks, both of which are important to the islanders.

While Indian law prohibits their killing, it is still done, both out of desire to rid the islands of the species and for food (H. tigerinus is a very cheap source of protein).

Experimentation at the Andaman Nicobar Environment Team (ANET) field station on South Andaman Island demonstrated that when kept together in pools with adequate amounts of food, Indian bullfrogs rapidly devoured the tadpoles of native species.

[1] Hoplobatrachus tigerinus is typically found in freshwater environments, especially wetlands, such as paddy fields.

[1] Tadpoles are known to consume mosquito larvae, including those of the species Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus.

While AgNP did not cause any immediate harm to the tadpoles, potential long-term side effects (such as changes in life expectancy) have yet to be studied.