[5] Geologist Frederic Drew states that the Chang Chenmo river flows on a barren gravel bed, with occasional alluvial patches where vegetation is found.

They were historical halting places for travellers and trading caravans, with a supply of water, fuel and fodder.

[6] A large tributary called Kugrang joins the Chang Chenmo River near Hot Springs.

[3] During the construction, the scouting team was captured by the PLA who had advanced to Kongka Pass since the previous years.

On 21 October, the search team tasked to find the missing scouts encountered the Chinese and were caught in a firefight.