Its mission centers around providing judicial enforcement and physical security for the Circuit Court.

They assist county police officers with calls for service when requested or needed.

[8] Sheriff James F. Fitzgerald resigned in 2016 over allegations that he bullied his employees and made racist, sexist, and anti-Semitic remarks.

[9] The Sheriff's Office is located at the Howard County Circuit Court building, 9250 Judicial Way, Ellicott City, Maryland.

The current sheriff is Marcus Harris, a former Baltimore County Police detective, elected in November 2018.