Hrpelje (pronounced [xəɾˈpeːljɛ] ⓘ, in older sources Herpelje;[2] Italian: Erpelle) is a settlement in the Municipality of Hrpelje-Kozina in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

[3] Hrpelje is located in a heavily karstified area with many sinkholes, depressions, and shafts.

[4] Hrpelje was attested in historical sources as Herpelie and Herpelye in 1763–1787.

The name may be derived from the plural demonym *Vьrpeľane based on the common noun *vьrpa 'sinkhole', thus originally meaning 'people living near a sinkhole'.

[5] The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Anthony the Hermit and belongs to the Koper Diocese.