Huang Xing

[1] Huang Xing began his studies at the prestigious South Changsha Academy in 1893, and received his Jinshi degree when he was only 22 years old.

In 1902 Huang was selected by Zhang Zhidong to study abroad in Japan, and was enrolled in Tokyo's Kōbun Institute (弘文学院).

In 1903, Huang organized the Anti-Russia Volunteer Army (Chinese: 拒俄義勇隊; pinyin: Jù-É Yìyǒngduì) of over two hundred fellow students in Japan.

The Army, quickly shut down by authorities in Japan, was intended to protest Russia's growing hegemony over Outer Mongolia and its occupation of northeast China after the Boxer Uprising.

The Huaxinghui cooperated with other revolutionary parties, and in 1905 scheduled an armed uprising in Changsha during the Empress Dowager's seventieth birthday celebration.

In the autumn of 1909, Huang was commissioned by Sun Yat-sen to establish the South Branch of the Tongmenghui, and to prepare the Party for a planned military uprising from Guangzhou.

In October 1909, Huang presided over an assembly with Sun Yat-sen in the British colony of Penang (now part of Malaysia).

On April 27, Huang launched the Huanghuagang Uprising in Guangzhou, and led hundreds of people in an attempt to capture the viceroy of Guangdong and Guangxi.

In March 1913, the provisional president of the newly formed Republic of China, Yuan Shikai, successfully assassinated the chairman of the KMT, Song Jiaoren, whose party had won China's first elections and who had shown indications of a desire to limit Yuan's powers within the new government.

Huang stayed in Nanjing and attempted to reorganize the South Army in order to oppose Yuan.

Children: Huang Xing is portrayed by Jackie Chan in the film 1911, released in 2011 on the 100th anniversary of the Wuchang Uprising.