Hugh Alfred Butler (February 28, 1878 – July 1, 1954) was an American Republican politician from Nebraska.

Hugh Butler became a member of the Republican National Committee in 1936 and served until 1940 when he was elected to the United States Senate.

A steadfast opponent of statehood for the Alaska Territory during most of his career in the Senate, he changed his mind during the last few months of his life.

He did not believe that the Soviet Union threatened Nebraska's interest, and he strongly opposed the Truman Doctrine, and NATO.

[2] Robert B. Crosby, governor of Nebraska at the time of Butler's death, appointed Samuel Williams Reynolds to fill his seat.