[1][2] Northeast India refers to the north-easternmost region of India consisting of the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura, as well as parts of northern West Bengal (districts of Darjeeling, Jalpaiguri, and Koch Bihar).

[citation needed] There has been a number of insurgent activities and regional movements in all parts of the northeast, often unique in character to each state.

The act has been criticized by Human Rights Watch as a "tool of state abuse, oppression and discrimination".

[4] The South Asian Human Rights Documentation Centre argues that the governments' call for increased force is part of the problem.

"[6]A report by the Institute for Defense Studies and Analysis points to multiple occurrences of violence by security forces against civilians in Manipur since the passage of the Act.