Hunan Self-Study University

[1] It was created in August 1921 by Mao Zedong[2] due to his frustration with the traditional shuyuan, aiming for a new type of school which would promote the ideas of the Chinese Communist Party.

We should invite comrades to join us and rent a house to establish a self-study university, where we shall practice a communal life.

[4] The university operated until late 1923, when it was closed by General Zhao Hengti of the National Revolutionary Army on the grounds that it violated a public order.

[5] A notable student of this university was Yang Youlin, who became an influential leader in the Chinese Civil War.

[6] Other notable students included Li Weihan, Xia Minghan, Yi Lirong, Jiang Mengzhou, Guo Liang, and Mao Zemin.