Hypsibema

Hypsibema is an extinct genus of very large basal hadrosauroid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) of eastern North America.

The syntypic series, USNM 7189, originally consisted of a caudal vertebra, a metatarsal, and two femoral fragments that were originally identified as humeral and tibial fragments, all found in 1869 by North Carolina state geologist professor Washington Carruthers Kerr in the Black Creek Group of North Carolina.

[1] It has sometimes been theorized that Hypsibema represents an adult Hadrosaurus, which it coexisted with at the sites where it is known, but morphological differences, especially in the vertebrae, support both being distinct taxa.

[1] Though known from fragmentary remains, Hypsibema appears to have been a gigantic hadrosauroid, based on the proportions of its vertebrae and humeri compared to those of better-known hadrosaurs.

All these dinosaurs coexisted with the gigantic alligatoroid Deinosuchus, which may have replaced large-sized theropods as the top predator of the Appalachian coastal plains.

The giant hadrosaur humerus described by Baird & Horner (1979) at the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences , which may potentially belong to H. crassicauda [ 1 ] [ 4 ]