[1] JPEG standards are formally named as Information technology – Scalable compression and coding of continuous-tone still images.

It restricts the JPEG coding modes to baseline, sequential, and progressive Huffman, and includes JFIF definitions of Rec.

[2][1] The first specification was authored by Thomas Richter from Germany, Tim Bruylants and Peter Schelkens from Belgium, and Swiss-Iranian engineer Touradj Ebrahimi.

Backward compatibility is limited because legacy decoders do not understand new EOTF curves and produce undersaturated colors.

For 16 bit precision, a lossy fixed-point DCT approximation is specified by the standard and is required for decoders to implement.

This makes it possible for the encoder to predict coding errors and store them in the enhancement layer, allowing lossless reconstruction.

[1][2] JPEG XT Part 2 HDR coding is based on Dolby JPEG-HDR format,[5] created in 2005 by Greg Ward[6] from BrightSide Technologies and Maryann Simmons from Walt Disney Feature Animation as a way to store high dynamic range images inside a standard JPEG file.

A reduced version without JPEG-LS, arithmetic coding, and a mozjpeg-like hierarchical progressive coder is available under the ISO license.