[1] JPEG standards are formally named as Information technology – Scalable compression and coding of continuous-tone still images.

It restricts the JPEG coding modes to baseline, sequential, and progressive Huffman, and includes JFIF definitions of Rec.

[2][1] The first specification was authored by Thomas Richter from Germany, Tim Bruylants and Peter Schelkens from Belgium, and Swiss-Iranian engineer Touradj Ebrahimi.

Backward compatibility is limited because legacy decoders do not understand new EOTF curves and produce undersaturated colors.

For 10 and 12-bit precision, lossless integer-to-integer DCT is used, which replaces each rotation space with three shearings (similar to wavelet transform in JPEG2000).

For 16 bit precision, a lossy fixed-point DCT approximation is specified by the standard and is required for decoders to implement.

[1][2] JPEG XT Part 2 HDR coding is based on Dolby JPEG-HDR format,[5] created in 2005 by Greg Ward[6] from BrightSide Technologies and Maryann Simmons from Walt Disney Feature Animation as a way to store high dynamic range images inside a standard JPEG file.

A reduced version without JPEG-LS, arithmetic coding, and a mozjpeg-like hierarchical progressive coder is available under the ISO license.