However, the condition can also occur in connection with an attack of migraine without aura or of a non-migrainous headache.
It is more frequent after generalized tonic-clonic seizures, in temporal and occipital lobe epilepsy and in those with inter-ictal headache.
Patients with epilepsy may also experience any type of headache, having its occurrence independent of the epileptic seizures, although occasionally near it (after or before).
[3][7] EH may be the initial phase (so-called aura, necessarily with awareness) of an epileptic seizure, which then continues with other manifestations, for example convulsions.
The characteristics and location of the pain in EH can be different: sometimes migraine-like with or without aura, sometimes tension-type, sometimes indefinable.
The so-called hemicrania epileptica is a variant of EH characterized by the fact that head pain and EEG paroxysms are located on the same side.
MRI is necessary to establish the cause, which, as in all focal epilepsies, can be varied: malformations/dysplasia, neoplasms, encephalopathies, traumatic brain injury, vasculopathies.
[10] It is a condition that can be differentiated with certainty from the previous one if the headache episode is also present outside the seizure, that is, before and/or after, without specific EEG abnormalities.