Ida Carleton Hill (née Thallon; August 11, 1875 – December 14, 1954) was an American archaeologist, classical scholar and historian.

Hill had a strong interest in the relationship between history, geography, and archaeology, which was reflected in her research and publications over her fifty-year career.

[1] While at school, archaeologist Wilhelm Dörpfeld's lectures on the topography of Athens had a strong influence on Hill.

[1] Hill's first experience of fieldwork was in February 1901, when she participated in the excavation at Vari Cave, Attica, under the direction of Charles Weller.

While at Vassar, Hill published her first book, Readings in Greek History, From Homer to the Battle of Cheronea; a Collection of Extractions from the Sources (1914).

[3] In 1916, Hill published an article discussing the connections between archaeology and history and the mutual dependence of the two sciences.

In 1921, she wrote about the connection of history and geography in an article on prehistoric and classical Greece and Italy, where she said "we are learning also that despite man's ingenuity certain fixed conditions in the physical characteristics of an area have made him follow the same routes from time immemorial either by land or by sea and have determined his economic, if not always his political, fate.

[1][5] In 1924, Hill began working on a writing project for Harold North Fowler, the editor-in-chief of the Corinth publications.

Hill committed to publishing the terracottas of Corinth, the project she and Lida Shaw King had initiated and not completed in 1900.

The outbreak of World War I interrupted archeological work being done in Greece and both the Blegens and Thallon Hill moved back to the United States.

[10] When Pierce returned to Vassar to teach art history in 1915, the couple started living in adjacent rooms in Davison house on campus; their relationship at this time has been described as a 'Boston marriage'.

[5] In 1921, Pierce travelled to Greece with Hill, and the next year attended the American School of Classical Studies in Athens.

[12] Thallon Hill and Pierce Blegen often worked together on excavations, cataloguing materials and publishing findings for both their husbands.

[3] Hill died at sea on December 14, 1954, while traveling home to Athens, with Pierce Blegen at her side.