Igbo architecture

This architecture is rooted in the Igbo cultural, social, and environmental context, reflecting traditional practices, materials, and symbolism unique to their society.

[1] A traditional Igbo Architecture consists of Compounds, Wall/fence and Moats, Thatched Buildings, Verandas, Courtyards, Decorative motifs etc.

[2] Spatial organization in Igbo compounds varies since its arrangements are dictated by the social status and professions of the owner.

Several identifiers of Igbo compounds include gardens (some with water features like ponds), barns, central courtyards, religious alters or shrine.

While there can be variations based on specific regions and communities, here are some general characteristics of Igbo compound entrances:[3] In traditional Igbo architecture, a compound typically has sections or quarters organized based on family roles and specific functions within the enclosure.

[1] Ama / èzi (Courtyard) The open central space within the compound where communal activities, ceremonies, and meetings take place.

[7] Ǹgwùrù ọnụ arụsị̄ (Shrine Area) A dedicated sacred space within a compound is used for religious or ancestral worship.

In most cases, shrines are standalone structures, strategically positioned in accessible areas to accommodate communal rituals and offerings.

[1] Variability: The specific layout and even names of sections depend on the lineage system, clan, level of affluence, and whether the compound belongs to a monogamous or polygamous family.

Fences in Igbo architecture vary but can also include moats, ditches/trenches (Olulu) with walls sometimes attached to defensive towers known as Obuna Enu.

[10][11] Each master of a family has a large square piece of ground, surrounded with a moat or fence, or enclosed with a wall made of red earth tempered; which, when dry, is as hard as brick.

[12] Walls surrounding Igbo compounds are typically made of mud, clay, bamboo, palm fronds, and sometimes stones.

Over time, the Nsude Pyramids experienced erosion and degradation due to their earthen construction and exposure to the elements.

[citation needed] Mbari is a visual art form practiced by the Igbo people in southeast Nigeria consisting of a sacred two-story house constructed as a propitiatory rite.

[24] Other sculptures which could be included are of officials, craftsmen, foreigners (mainly Europeans), animals, legendary creatures and ancestors.

Mbari are public shrine galleries where complex characters of Igbo mythology, folklore, and society are fleshed out in termite earth.