As a youth, Chernyshov developed within Dynamo Moscow of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).
[1] In the 2022–23 season, Chernyshov led MHC Dynamo Moscow in scoring with 38 points in 38 games.
He is one of a small number of Junior Hockey League (MHL) players to record a point-per-game pace in the year before their draft-eligible season.
[3] In the 2024 NHL entry draft, he was selected with the first pick of the second round, 33rd overall by the San Jose Sharks.
[6] On 20 August, Chernyshov's agent announced he had undergone a surgical procedure to repair his shoulder.