The Ikungi district, in addition to other areas of Tanzania and Eastern Africa, follows an agricultural system called agro-pastoralism.

The land's physical characteristics, climatic conditions and plant communities are well suited for mobile livestock production.

[1] In recent decades, the issue of climate change has negatively impacted the agricultural market due to the decrease in rainfall and increased dry weather.

The analysis focused on the vulnerability of farmers in the area and the factors that contribute to their ability to adapt to climate changes due to man-made environmental issues.

Climate variability will always present a challenge to the livelihood of farmers and, with human-caused changes, the adversity is accelerated to a point where the ability to adapt decreases.