Il Primo Libro delle Canzoni is a collection of instrumental Baroque canzonas by the Ferrarese organist and composer Girolamo Frescobaldi.

His Capricci for organ were re-published in 1626, his second book of Toccate for keyboard and his Liber secundus of motets appeared in 1627, the two editions of the Primo Libro in 1628, and the Arie musicali in 1630.

[1][2]: 269  The Rome and Venice editions of the Primo Libro date from the beginning and the end of his time at the court of Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany.

[2]: 269 The two 1628 editions appear to have been intended for quite different purposes: Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, visited Rome in March of that year, and the Robletti partbooks are dedicated to him, apparently with the aim of securing his patronage.

[4]: 21 The Masotti edition was prepared by Frescobaldi's Luccan pupil Bartolomeo Grassi, and was printed in score so that it could also be played on keyboard instruments.