Illumination (image)

By manipulating the lighting, an Artist can create a specific atmosphere for their work of art.

The placement of the light sources can make a considerable difference in the type of message that is being presented.

Multiple light sources can wash out any wrinkles in a person's face, for instance, and give a more youthful appearance.

In contrast, a single light source, such as harsh daylight, can serve to highlight any texture or interesting features.

Caravaggio's early biographers, Giovanni Pietro Bellori and Joachim von Standrart both stated that Caravaggio worked in a dark room and illuminated his subjects with a single light source from above.

Detail from "The Calling of Matthew" by Caravaggio : a single light source casts shadows and emphasizes any variation in texture
This Vilhelm Hammershøi painting is an example using diffused light, creating a softer image.