Muhammad Birgivi (1523–1573), full name Taqī al-Dīn Muhammad ibn Pīr ʿAlī al-Birgivi and known simply as Imam Birgivi, was a Hanafi Muslim jurist and scholar who lived during the rule of the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia.
[3][2][4] Imam Birgivi and his disciples were vocal critics of degeneracy within the Ottoman Empire, particularly decrying the twisting of Islamic teachings for the benefit of the rich.
[5] Birgivi was a critic of Ibn Arabi and refuted him on theological standpoints, including the faith of the Pharaoh of the exodus.
[12] Birgivi is famous for his eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü' l-Muḥammediyye, a book which explains his views on Sufism, innovations, Islamic sects and Prophetic traditions, through the viewpoints of the Hanafi school and the Maturidi creed.
[5] In addition to eṭ-Ṭarîḳatü' l-Muḥammediyye, Birgivi also wrote books on language, grammar, and the etiquette when visiting graves.