In Indochina, leopards are rare outside protected areas and threatened by habitat loss due to deforestation as well as poaching for the illegal wildlife trade.

[1] Panthera pardus delacouri was described in 1930 by Reginald Innes Pocock based on a leopard skin from Annam.

[4] Melanism is quite common in dense tropical forest habitat, and black leopards are thought to have a selective advantage for ambush.

[5] The Indochinese leopard is distributed in Southeast Asia, where today small populations remain only in Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Cambodia and southern China.

[1] In Myanmar's Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, the leopard population declined so drastically between the 1940s and 1980s, that by 2000 it was estimated as being close to locally extinct.

[1] Since the mid-1980s, leopard-oriented field research was carried out in three protected areas in Thailand: Wild boar, macaque and lesser mouse deer were identified as the main potential prey species for the leopard in a highly fragmented secondary forest in Malaysia's Selangor area.

[2] Human traffic inside protected areas negatively affects leopard movements and activity.

[25] In villages located in Laos' protected areas, local people consume about 28.2 kg (62 lb) meat of deer and wild boar annually per household.

In China, the use of stockpiles of leopard bone is still permitted by the government by medicinal manufacturers, despite the domestic trade ban.

[28] In early 2018, the carcass of a black leopard was discovered in Thailand's Thung Yai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary, along with other animals.