The first is the "adversarial hazard"[2] which is where some information can be purposefully used by a bad actor to hurt others.
[2] Bostrom also proposes several subsets of these major categories, including the following types:[2] Additionally, the availability of information on DNA sequences of diseases or the chemical makeup of toxins could lead to adversarial hazards, as bad actors could use this information in order to recreate these biohazards on their own.
[4] In 2018, a research paper led to media coverage by explaining how to synthesize a poxvirus.
Many government, public, and private entities have information that could be classified as a data hazard that could harm others if leaked.
To avoid this, many organizations implement security controls depending on their own needs or the needs laid out by regulatory bodies.