[1] Information professionals work in a variety of private, public, and academic institutions, or independently.
Thus, an information professional can possess a variety of different skills, depending on the sector in which the person is employed.
[14][15] The majority of European countries have universities, colleges, or schools which offer bachelor's degrees in LIS studies.
U.S. professional associations, together with their European counterparts, have undertaken many educational initiatives and pioneered many advances in the field of Information studies, such as increased interdisciplinarity and more effective delivery of distance learning.
[17] The Association for Intelligent Information Management, based in Silver Spring, Maryland, offers a qualification called Certified Information Professional (CIP), earned upon passing an examination, with certification remaining valid for three years.