[9] The Institute for Strategic Studies (ISS), as it was originally known, was founded in 1958, following a conference in January 1957, which gathered together the main voices interested in the nuclear issues of the day.

Military historian Michael Howard chaired a group which recommended that ‘we should set up a body whose primary  purpose should be the collection and dissemination of information about nuclear weapons and their implications for international relations...And so the Institute was born.’ Its first director was the defence journalist Alastair Buchan, and its first president the former Labour prime minister Clement Attlee.

The 1977 Alastair Buchan memorial lecture, delivered by West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt (an Institute member since 1959), which became known as one of the key appeals for ‘Euromissiles’ to counter new Soviet intermediate-range missiles.

[12] Peter Oborne in Middle East Eye subsequently reported that IISS may have received nearly half of its total income from Bahraini sources in some years.

Again, I called this to Buchan's attention, and he undertook to check out with British authorities what became annual issuances.The IISS is a registered charity, and fundraising is overseen by the board of trustees.