A distinguishing feature of the IEPE principle is that the power supply and the sensor signal are transmitted via one shielded wire.
Supplying the IEPE sensor with constant current, results in a positive bias voltage, typically between 8 and 12 volts, at the output.
A typical IEPE sensor supply with 4 mA constant current and 25 V compliance voltage has a power consumption of 100 mW.
If the signal lies close to the constant current supply voltage, there is no sensor present or the cable path has been interrupted.
Piezoelectric sensors which do not possess IEPE electronics, meaning with charge output, remain reserved for applications where lowest frequencies, high operating temperatures, an extremely large dynamic range, very energy saving operation or extremely small design is required.