[2] The distance between the planets and their constant motion impose long and variable delay on the communications.
Thus, the traditional protocol stack doesn't function properly.
[3] BP is a standard method of transmitting data using store-and-forward, where data are stored for a period of time at intermediate nodes along a network path, and forwarded to the next station when a link is available.
The intermediate node has two transport protocols, LTP (for data transmission over deep space communication links), and TCP (for transmission over earth communication links).
[4][5] The protocols in the lower layers might change to support the corresponding communication and network.