Lewis Appleton organised the International Arbitration and Peace Association (IAPA) in 1880.
The meetings to organise the society, which began on 16 August 1880, were hosted by the municipal reformer William Phillips.
[1] Unlike the Peace Society the IAPA accepted defensive war, was not restricted to Christians and claimed to be international.
[2] It also allowed women on the executive committee, and aimed to become a tribunal that would publish findings on disputes between two countries.
The Quaker Priscilla Hannah Peckover played a central role in organising a new ladies auxiliary of the Peace Society that was launched on 12 July 1882.