[2] In cases when the shipowner is deemed guilty of fault for an instance of oil pollution, the convention does not cap liability.
The 2000 Amendments Adoption: 18 October 2000 Entry into force: 1 November 2003 The amendments raised the compensation limits by 50 percent compared to the limits set in the 1992 Protocol, as follows: For a ship not exceeding 5,000 gross tonnage, liability is limited to 4.51 million SDR (US$5.78 million) For a ship 5,000 to 140,000 gross tonnage: liability is limited to 4.51 million SDR plus 631 SDR for each additional gross tonne over 5,000 For a ship over 140,000 gross tonnage: liability is limited to 89.77 million SDR The HNS Convention to compensation for damages occurring from spill of dangerous goods is based on the same legal framework.
[3] If a ship carries more than 2000 tons of oil in cargo, CLC requires shipowners to maintain "insurance or other financial security" sufficient to cover the maximum liability for one oil spill[1] As of September 2016, 136 states, representing 97.5 per cent of the world fleet, are contracting parties to the CLC Protocol of 1992, which amends the original CLC Convention.
[4] Bolivia, North Korea, Honduras, and Lebanon—which are generally flag of convenience states—have not ratified the treaty.
This is due to significant nation legislation such as the Oil Pollution Act, 1990, so signing the CLC was deemed unnecessary.