Theoretically, this will lead users and content producers through alternative paths to accomplish their goals while limiting the network load at any one time.
[2] The United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has created regulations stipulating that artificial bottlenecks are in direct opposition to a free and open Internet.
[3] The technical reasons for Internet bottlenecks are largely related to network congestion in which the user experiences a delay in delivering or accessing content.
ISPs and engineers argue that these issues with the increased demand on the networks result in some necessary congestion, but the bottlenecks also occur because of the lack of technology to handle such huge data needs using minimal energy.
[4] There are attempts being made to increase the speed, amount of data, and reduce power consumption of the networks.
Deep packet inspection (DPI) may also be used to address network congestion through recognition of a specific set of protocols, services, or users.
[10] New regulatory rules were established by the FCC in order to enforce fair network management practices by ISPs.
[2] The network neutrality rules mentioned above address the concerns of pro-regulatory groups, but are seen as somewhat weak with apparent loopholes.
They argue that Internet bottlenecks are a part of the network management strategy of which cannot be eliminated due to ever increasing data demands.
ISPs have proposed and have implemented in some cases a tiered service plan allowing users and content providers to pay for premium network lines.
Tiered service is common practice among wireless providers, but it is expected that wired connections may soon see usage charges as well,[16] which according to David Hyman will decrease the competitiveness of the open market.
The FCC is further tasked with increasing broadband use through a newer initiative called the Connect America Fund.
There is some speculation that if there is no regulation of Internet bottlenecks, both users and content providers will simply create systems like peering to navigate around ISPs effectively neutralizing them.
[citation needed] Netflix has accused Comcast of violating the new Net Neutrality rules by not counting Comcast's Xfinity video service against the monthly data allotment of 250gb, but counting the use of Netflix or any other video service monthly data allotment.
[22] Center for Democracy and Technology has recommended that users would benefit from the ability to "test the actual performance of their broadband services.